Paritosh Sen (1918–2008) was a pivotal figure in Indian modern art whose six-decade-long career as a painter, illustrator, writer, teacher, and cultural thinker played a crucial role in shaping a new visual language in mid-twentieth-century India. Born in Dhaka (then British India), Sen pursued formal training at the Government College of Arts and Crafts, developing a strong foundation in disciplined draftsmanship before moving to Calcutta in 1942, a city that became central to his artistic and intellectual life. As a founding member of the Calcutta Group, he challenged academic conventions and asserted modern art as a serious, experimental practice rooted in contemporary Indian realities. His artistic vocabulary expanded significantly after studying in Paris in 1949 at institutions such as the École des Beaux-Arts and Académie André Lhote, where European modernism—particularly Cubism—left a lasting imprint on his work. Known for powerful drawing, stylised forms, and an enduring focus on the human figure, Sen’s practice confidently bridged Indian social experience with global modernist ideas, earning him recognition in exhibitions across India and abroad.